NOAH (2014)

When it was first announced that Paramount had given  (Black Swan) the green light to tell his version of the Noah story, many familiar with the director’s work wondered how he and frequent collaborator and scriptwriter Ari Handel were going to interpret it.

Still from Noah (2014)The mainstream audience began popping up their heads a few months ago, when all they had heard was that Hollywood had made a soon-to-be-released BIG movie about Noah in the Bible. Naturally, the Bible geeks were shivering with anticipation. The only surprise from the near hysteria which followed was that the pious made so much noise primarily after the premiere, rather than before. Naturally, true to form, there has been condemnation from some without even having seen the film, but not quite to the extent we have seen from evangelical audiences previously. Some have accused Paramount of duping Christians into seeing it with a misleading campaign. Perhaps, or perhaps the studio merely overestimated that faction of the American public.

The cries from a plethora of American Evangelical Christians that Noah is “blasphemous” are, in fact, offensive in themselves, but not entirely unexpected. The Noah story does not exclusively belong to evangelical Christians, as it is not of Christian origin. Rather, that version of the universal flood is derived from ancient Jewish and rabbinic writings. Even the writers of Genesis took the Noah account from preexisting narratives, such as the “Epic of Gilgamesh.”

The art of Biblical storytelling is an oral tradition, which predates written scripture. Aronofsky continues in that spirit. Indeed, it is a theme which gives the film its strength and edge. Aronofsky, long obsessed with making Noah (2014), proves erudite, giving his film flourishes of a primordial world not far removed, time-wise, from Eden. It is a world with memories of its Paradise Lost hauntingly intact (i.e. a visual reference to the Edenic river). In the middle of all this is the startling protagonist Noah (Russell Crowe), whom Aronofsky gives flesh, flaws and drama, removing him from the plaster pedestal. That seems to be Aronofsky’s chief offense for the unimaginative, pious masses who wanted a film about a cardboard cutout, rosy-cheeked, bearded old white guy smiling sweetly as he loads happy sheep onto his velcro boat. The rainbow ending is, of course, up for grabs. Aronofsky’s approach is far too serious for that and he creatively reworks scripture and rabbinic writings into a challenging work of art that approaches world literature.

As with all great literature, it has elements of the reflective and the unexpected. The non-canonical “Book of Enoch” is another source he draws on. Aronofsky and Handel write in the spirit of ancient biblical writers, who had no issues mixing myth, parable, folklore, and poetry together with a sliver of historicity into one narrative. They were not bound by our ideas of hyper-realism or linear storytelling. The earliest Church fathers understood this, and did not take scripture as either exclusively literal or historical. They saw it as a collection of diverse literary forms, written by divergent, God-obsessed peoples trying to grasp divine concepts. The resulting efforts were often akin to infinite ideas described in inadequately finite language, which is why we sometimes have conflicting biblical views of God within the same paragraph. Advocates of biblical inerrancy argue that the ancient writings are Spirit-inspired. Perhaps, but even then they had to be filtered through human hands and, therefore, the Bible is “fallible” in our contemporary understanding of the term.

Aronofsky is not a believer per se, but despite claims of those who are trying to demonize him, he does not take the “religion as the root of all evil” route. Indeed, Aronofsky, of Jewish heritage and education, clearly seeks to express an idea in an admirably classic way that is also overwhelming, confounding and vital for the viewer: God as both maternal and paternal Creator. That is an idea too sacred for the secular and too secular for the pious.

In one sense, it is refreshing that Noah is a challenging enough film to provoke and inspire debate. This makes Noah more than just a chalky Sunday School lesson. We do not have to worry about Aronofsky and Handel succumbing to the status quo (who seem forever intent on proving how little we have evolved in the past few millennium anyway).

Of course, the arrogant assumption that all Christians are evangelicals subscribing to sola scriptura is the foremost offensive reaction to the film by disgruntled audiences. This is actually more of the “either/or” mentality that far too many fundamentalists succumb to: one either approaches biblical stories as history, verbatim accounts that happened exactly as written, or one does not believe. Aronofsky’s Noah is further evidence of the evangelical reaction to anything which veers away from their expectations; reactions which are frighteningly similar to those we have seen from radical Muslims regarding certain films, art, etc. If Aronofsky  proves anything, he proves that one can respond to or be inspired by scripture without subscribing to it as monotone historicity. Aronofsky’s God reaches out to the patriarchal line—from as Methuselah to Crowe’s Noah—via visions. The “God” terminology is provocatively ambiguous, and lest we forget, we do not find God being referred to, in name, until much later in the Bible. The concept of God as YHWH (et. al.) was not yet developed at this time, and the context here would have us see this God simply as the Creator. Projecting any other names onto God would have been sloppy interpretive work on the part of Aronofsky.

Another theme is the fall of humanity and humanity’s subsequent relationship to the environment. Oddly, Aronofsky’s depiction of the Nephilim is one of those “blink and you will miss it” references found in the Hebrew Bible that the literalists actually prefer to be ignored. Perhaps its one of those references that reiterates a little too strongly fantasy elements inherent in the Bible.

Aronofsky’s film indeed is in line with much of Hebrew literature (at least where it matters) and contextually it may be one of the most bravely “accurate” film productions of the Bible to date. If unimaginative fundamentalists have hangups about it, it is, in the end, their hangup. Still, hearing some of the hackneyed protests against this film makes me wonder, what the hell is wrong with religion? Why is it so afraid of challenge and artistic interpretation?

7 thoughts on “NOAH (2014)”

  1. Pi, Requiem For a Dream, The Wrestler, Black Swan. All these movies I have loved, but THIS…what a mess. I’m a gay man. I’m nearly an atheist. I’m lefty, left. Even I can see the shoe-horned liberalism of this movie. Preachy speeches about manifest destiny and the subjugation of the world. Throwing in the word “industrial” to describe ancient villages. Earnest attempts to invite creationists to ponder evolution with a beautiful sequence of animals emerging from the sea as god creates the world. Nods to gun control. A constant championing of vegetarianism. So I can completely understand why some people might be miffed. Because the movie really does feel like a liberal moral universe projected onto the one of the simplest most well-known bible stories.

    End credits list hundreds of effects technicians. It had a $130 million dollar budget and there’s not one real animal in site! I would have preferred if Aronofsky had rented two elephants, two alligators, two lions, and two aardvarks instead of this parade of CGI animals. It’s funny how even if you view the bible as just another myth from Earth’s ancient past, movies like The 10 Commandments, The Last Temptation of Christ and The Passion of the Christ don’t come off as fantasy/action flicks! Despite the melodrama in Noah, is it wise to have “fallen angel” rock creatures invented for the narrative? There wasn’t one person in the design department that said: “Hey man – this is an awful lot like TREEBEARD!” I felt I could be watching Jason and the Argonauts. And the CGI rainbow ending. Designed to create awe. If there was ever a tell to a movie this would be it. If Werner Herzog had 130 million dollars he would have taken some if his time finding the most awe inspiring cloud/mountain/waterfall/sunset to end his version with. Because Herzog implicitly understands that if there is a god it’s all around us. Aronofsky sent his crew to a bunch of computer terminals so they could be their own gods – conjuring something from nothing – but still coming up with nothing.

  2. Moody,
    Actually, the reference to the Nephilim (aka rock creatures) is not “out of nowhere.”It does have biblical (aka canonical and non-canonical), rabbinic, and gnostic sources, which can indeed often seem fantasy-like. There are probably more downright surreal (and often passed over) passages in Genesis than any other book (Torah or NT).

    Too, what you deem shoe-horned liberalism is, in fact, part of much rabbinic teachings regarding God as Creator and quintessential environmentalist (although that precise phrase was, of course, not used).

    Aronofsky’s theological homework is exceptionally thorough and hardly confined to a mere forty verses in the Torah. When I saw the film, I immediately took notice to a plethora of references (visual, narrative, et al) that took me back to numerous studies for my masters of theology, which is perhaps partly why I responded to it strongly.

    My personal, artistic, and theological response to “Noah” is similar to my musical response re: Aronofsky’s take on Tchaikovsky’s Swan Lake. I see a highly personal and quite consistent aesthetic from “Black Swan” to “Noah.”

    My two cents.

  3. “Actually, the reference to the Nephilim (aka rock creatures)”

    The rock creatures were Watchers– slutty rebel angels. Nephilim, OTOH, are the giant offspring of Watchers and human women and were not included in the movie.

    Aronofsky mined the Watcher characters from The Book of Enoch.

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